Global relative rate of natural capital depletion of soil and sediments, measured through soil erosion, change in soil salinity, and change in soil carbon stocks. The relative depletion rates enable the identification of hotspots of natural capital depletion (defined as the top 20% of values), where human activities will be associated with higher risks of ecosystem service loss or degradation. This will, in turn, present higher risks for financial institutions investing in these areas.

Global Soil Erosion from EC JRC (https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/global-soil-erosion), Global Soil salinity change from Ivushkin et al (2019) (https://data.isric.org) and Soil Organic Carbon Stocks from Soils Revealed (https://soilsrevealed.org/)

For soil erosion, the EC JRC rate of soil erosion dataset for 2012 was rescaled from 0-1 and log(x+1) transformed. For soil salinity, 1986 values were substracted from 2016 (except where data were missing – in that case 2009 or 1992 data had to be used to replace 2016 and 1986 values respectively). Negative values (indicating a decrease in salinity) were set to 0, as only an increase in salinity was interpreted as depletion of soil. The salinity layer was then rescaled from 0-1. For soil carbon, depletion was determined by subtracting 2000 (baseline) data from the 2018 (most recent) layer. Positive values (indicating a gain in carbon) were set to 0, as only a decrease in carbon stock was interpreted as depletion of soil, and the resulting values were multiplied by -1, then rescaled from 0-1. The resulting erosion, salinity, and carbon layers were summed and resscaled from 0-1 to produce the soil depletion layer.

Global relative rate of natural capital depletion of soil and sediments, measured through soil erosion, change in soil salinity, and change in soil carbon stocks. The relative depletion rates enable the identification of hotspots of natural capital depletion (defined as the top 20% of values), where human activities will be associated with higher risks of ecosystem service loss or degradation. This will, in turn, present higher risks for financial institutions investing in these areas.

Global Soil Erosion from EC JRC (https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/global-soil-erosion), Global Soil salinity change from Ivushkin et al (2019) (https://data.isric.org) and Soil Organic Carbon Stocks from Soils Revealed (https://soilsrevealed.org/)

For soil erosion, the EC JRC rate of soil erosion dataset for 2012 was rescaled from 0-1 and log(x+1) transformed. For soil salinity, 1986 values were substracted from 2016 (except where data were missing – in that case 2009 or 1992 data had to be used to replace 2016 and 1986 values respectively). Negative values (indicating a decrease in salinity) were set to 0, as only an increase in salinity was interpreted as depletion of soil. The salinity layer was then rescaled from 0-1. For soil carbon, depletion was determined by subtracting 2000 (baseline) data from the 2018 (most recent) layer. Positive values (indicating a gain in carbon) were set to 0, as only a decrease in carbon stock was interpreted as depletion of soil, and the resulting values were multiplied by -1, then rescaled from 0-1. The resulting erosion, salinity, and carbon layers were summed and resscaled from 0-1 to produce the soil depletion layer.